Title	Solving the Travelling Salesman Problem Using an Ant Colony System Algorithm
Author	Zakir Hussain Ahmed, Majid Yousefikhoshbakht, Abdul Khader Jilani Saudagar, and Shakir Khan
Citation	Vol. 23  No. 2  pp. 55-64
Keywords	Travelling Salesman Problem; Ant Colony System Algorithm; Global Updating; NP-hard Problems

Title	Consciousness, Cognition and Neural Networks in the Brain: Advances and Perspectives in Neuroscience
Author	Muhammad Saleem and Muhammad Hamid
Citation	Vol. 23  No. 2  pp. 47-54
Keywords	Artificial neural network, Cognition, Consciousness, DNA, Quantum transformation, Sensory nervous system.

Title	A Proposed Framework for Evaluating the Return on Investment of E-Learning Programs at Saudi Universities
Author	Hanaa Yamani
Citation	Vol. 23  No. 2  pp. 39-46
Keywords	E-Learning, Return on investment, Evaluation, Saudi Universities

Title	Examination of Required Functions in the PBNM Scheme for Multiple Domains as Cyber Physical System that Utilizes Data Science and AI
Author	Kazuya Odagiri, Shogo Shimizu, Naohiro Ishii
Citation	Vol. 23  No. 2  pp. 31-38
Keywords	Policy-based network management; DACS Scheme; QOS