Title	Performance Improvements for MMA Welding Based on Self-Oscillating Inverter
Author	Kais Seddiki, Hamed belloumi, Ferid kourda
Citation	Vol. 19  No. 6  pp. 33-41
Keywords	Self-oscillating half bridge converter, zero-voltage-switched, standby operation, Asymmetrical control, Manual Metal Arc welding.

Title	The Effect of Gamification in Learning Computer Sciences: A Critical Analysis
Author	Khalid Rakyan Alharbi, Rozinah Jamaludin
Citation	Vol. 19  No. 6  pp. 27-32
Keywords	Gamification, Computer, Learning, Effect, Analysis

Title	LEACH Robust Routing Approach Applying Machine Learning
Author	Babar Ali, Tariq Mahmood, Muhammad Abbas, Muzamil, Hussain, Habeeb Ullah, Anupam Sarker, Asad Khan
Citation	Vol. 19  No. 6  pp. 18-26
Keywords	Multi-hop (MH), CHN, Wireless Sensing Networks (WSNs), Data Fusion Technology (DFT), LEACH RP, CNN

Title	Code Refactoring and its Impact on Internal and External Software Quality: An Experimental Study
Author	Mohammed Alawairdhi
Citation	Vol. 19  No. 6  pp. 12-17
Keywords	Refactoring Software Quality Efficiency Reusability Software Systems, Legacy Systems Maintainability